FOREIGN TRADE WITH CHINA: NO REASON FOR “GERMAN ANGST”

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.32070/ec.v2i54.140

Keywords:

China, Germany, foreign trade

Abstract

Sanctions and restrictive measures against Russia in response to its armed aggression against Ukraine and in addition the violation of the usual world trade routes cause fears in Germany that the German economy can be blackmailed by trade with China as an over-strong partner.

Data analysis of German-Chinese foreign trade and its impact on the economy and employment shows that China is one of the few most important trading partners, which, however, doesn't have a dominant position. The interdependence that inevitably results from trade relations has proven to be manageable and can even be expanded through China's rational policies.

To be able to assess possible the future, China's global economic ambitions are considered against the background of its planned large-scale projects, its real potential, and current weaknesses. Given the current neo-Maoism, however, there are doubts as to whether normal relations with an overcrowded China can be continued or even expanded

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biographies

Franz Peter Lang, FOM Hochschule für Oekonomie und Management

Founding Rector FOM, Chairman of the Senate

Oleksandr Melnychenko, Gdansk University of Technology

Professor at the Department of Finance

References

Außenhandel Deutschlands Wirtschaft hängt an China - Tagesschau. Retrieved 01.04.2022 from https://www.tagesschau.de/wirtschaft/konjunktur/china-aussenhandel-wichtigster-partner-importeexporte-usa-uk-waren-importueberschuss-101.html

Chang, Y., & Halliday, J. (2005). Mao Das Leben eines Mannes das Schicksal eines Volkes. München. Karl Blessing, 974.

China, A. Ch. (2022). Chinas Dual Circulation Strategy. Retrieved 01.04.2022 from https://www.amchamchina.org/chinas-dual-circulation-strategy

China - Wichtigste Importländer 2021. Retrieved 01.07.2022 from https://de.statista.com/statistik/daten/studie/167159/umfrage/wichtigste-importlaender-fuer-china

Cyfert, S., Chwiłkowska-Kubala, A., Szumowski, W., & Miśkiewicz, R. (2021). The process of developing dynamic capabilities: The conceptualization attempt and the results of empirical studies. PLoS ONE, 16(4), e0249724. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0249724

Czyżewski, B., Matuszczak, A., & Miśkiewicz, R. (2019). Public Goods Versus the Farm Price-Cost Squeeze: Shaping the Sustainability of the EU’s Common Agricultural Policy. Technological and Economic Development of Economy, 25(1), 82-102. https://doi.org/10.3846/tede.2019.7449

Deng, X. (1985). Der Aufbau des Sozialismus chinesischer Prägung, Beijing

Deutsche Handelsbilanz mit China bis 2021. Retrieved 01.04.2022 from https://de.statista.com/statistik/daten/studie/250757/umfrage/deutsche-handelsbilanz-mit-china

Dźwigoł, H. (2015). Warsztat badawczy w naukach o zarządzaniu. Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie. Politechnika Śląska, 83, 133-142

Dźwigoł, H. (2021a). The Uncertainty Factor in the Market Economic System: The Microeconomic Aspect of Sustainable Development. Virtual Economics, 4(1), 98-117. https://doi.org/10.34021/ve.2021.04.01(5)

Dzwigol, H. (2021b). Meta-Analysis in Management and Quality Sciences. Marketing and Management of Innovations, 1, 324-335. http://doi.org/10.21272/mmi.2021.1-25

Dzwigol, H., Trushkina, N., & Kwilinski, A. (2021). The Organizational and Economic Mechanism of Implementing the Concept of Green Logistics. Virtual Economics, 4(2), 41-75. https://doi.org/10.34021/ve.2021.04.02(3)

Furmaniak, S., Gauden, P. A., Leżańska, M., Miśkiewicz, R., Błajet-Kosicka, A., & Kowalczyk, P. (2021). The Finite Pore Volume GAB Adsorption Isotherm Model as a Simple Tool to Estimate a Diameter of Cylindrical Nanopores. Molecules, 26(6), 1509. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26061509

Furmaniak, S., Gauden, P.A., Patrykiejew, A., Miśkiewicz, R., & Kowalczyk, P. (2019). The Effects of Confinement in Pores Built of Folded Graphene Sheets on the Equilibrium of Nitrogen Monoxide Dimerisation Reaction. Journal of Physics Condensed Matter, 31(13), 135001, 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-648X/aaffb3

Furmaniak, S., Gauden, P.A., Patrykiejew, A., Szymański, G., Miśkiewicz, R., & Kowalczyk, P. (2019). In silico study on the effects of carbonyl groups on chemical equilibrium of reactions with a polar product occurring under confinement in pores of activated carbons. Chemical Engineering Communications, 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1080/00986445.2019.1700115

Furmaniak, S., Gauden, P.A., Patrykiejew, A., Miśkiewicz, R., & Kowalczyk, P. (2018). Carbon Nanohorns as Reaction Nanochambers – a Systematic Monte Carlo Study. Scientific Reports, 15407. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-33725-z

Kharazishvili, Y., Kwilinski, A., Dzwigol, H., & Liashenko, V. (2021b). Strategic European Integration Scenarios of Ukrainian and Polish Research, Education and Innovation Spaces. Virtual Economics, 4(2), 7-40. https://doi.org/10.34021/ve.2021.04.02(1)

Kwilinski, A., Dzwigol, H., & Dementyev, V. (2020). Model of Entrepreneurship Financial Activity of the Transnational Company Based on Intellectual Technology. International Journal of Entrepreneurship, 24(1S), 1-5.

Kwilinski, A., Lyulyov, O., Dzwigol, H., Vakulenko, I., & Pimonenko, T. (2022). Integrative Smart Grids’ Assessment System. Energies, 15(2), 545. https://doi.org/10.3390/en15020545

German Angst: Was ist das eigentlich? Retrieved 01.04.2022 from https://www.focus.de/politik/praxistipps/german-angst-was-ist-das-eigentlich_id_7705190.html

Glunz, A. (2020). Vier Fragen und Antworten zum Decoupling. Retrieved 01.04.2022 from https://klardenker.kpmg.de/4-fragen-und-antworten-zum-decoupling/

Kelch, F. (2022). Interview mit China-Expertin: 2049 im Visier – China auf dem Weg zur Weltmacht. Retrieved 01.04.2022 from https://www.dbwv.de/aktuelle-themen/blickpunkt/beitrag/interview-mit-china-expertin-2049-im-visier-china-auf-dem-weg-zur-weltmacht

Lang, F. P. (1998). Technological Gap, In: Deutsche Bank AG (Hrsg.). Aussenwirtschaftsalphabet, Bern, S. 385

Lang, F. P., & Pehl LL.M., M. (2022). „Belt and road initiative” and „Global gate way initiative” in comparison. European Cooperation, 1(53), 7–19. https://doi.org/10.32070/ec.v1i53.121

Lang, F., & Melnychenko, O. (2016). China for the normalization. European Cooperation, 2(9), 9-17. Retrieved 01.04.2022 from https://we.clmconsulting.pl/index.php/we/article/view/127

Lichtenberg, G. C. (1985). Von den Kriegs - und Fastenschulen der Chinesen, in: Lichtenberg Aphorismen Essays Briefe, Leipzig, S. 420 – 432

Ma, H. (1985). Neue Strategie für Chinas Wirtschaft. Beijing

Mardell, J. (2022). The Belt and Road: Bigger than Infrastructure. Retrieved 01.04.2022 from https://chinaobservers.eu/the-belt-and-road-bigger-than-infrastructure

Matthes, J. (2022). Gegenseitige Abhängigkeit im Handel zwischen China, der EU und Deutschland, IW-Report, Nr. 35, Köln

Melnychenko, O. (2020). Is Artificial Intelligence Ready to Assess an Enterprise’s Financial Security? Journal of Risk and Financial Management, 13, 191. https://doi.org/10.3390/jrfm13090191

Melnychenko, O. (2021). The Energy of Finance in Refining of Medical Surge Capacity. Energies, 14, 210. https://doi.org/10.3390/en14010210

Melnychenko, O. (2021a). Energy Losses Due to Imperfect Payment Infrastructure and Payment Instruments. Energies, 14, 8213. https://doi.org/10.3390/en14248213

Melnychenko, O. (2013). Economic analysis tools of electronic money and transactions with it in banks. Financial And Credit Activity: Problems Of Theory And Practice, 2(15), 59-66. https://doi.org/10.18371/fcaptp.v2i15.25006

Melnychenko, O., & Hartinger, R. (2017). Role of blockchain technology in accounting and auditing. European Cooperation, 9(28), 27 – 34

Miśkiewicz, R. (2018). The importance of knowledge transfer on the energy market. Polityka Energetyczna, 21(2), 49–62. https://doi.org/10.24425/122774

Miskiewicz, R. (2020). Efficiency of electricity production technology from post-process gas heat: Ecological, economic and social benefits. Energies, 13(22), 6106. https://doi.org/10.3390/en13226106

Miśkiewicz, R. (2021). The Impact of Innovation and Information Technology on Greenhouse Gas Emissions: A Case of the Visegrád Countries. Journal of Risk and Financial Management, 14, 59. https://doi.org/10.3390/jrfm14020059

Miskiewicz, R. (2022). Clean and Affordable Energy within Sustainable Development Goals: The Role of Governance Digitalization. Energies, 15(24), 9571. https://doi.org/10.3390/en15249571

Miśkiewicz, R. (2021), Knowledge and innovation 4.0 in today's electromobility, in: Z. Makieła, M.M. Stuss, and R. Borowiecki (Eds.), Sustainability, Technology and Innovation 4.0 (pp. 256-275), London, UK: Routledge.

Miśkiewicz, R., Rzepka, A., Borowiecki, R., & Olesińki, Z. (2021). Energy Efficiency in the Industry 4.0 Era: Attributes of Teal Organisations. Energies, 14(20), 6776. https://doi.org/10.3390/en14206776

Miśkiewicz, R., Matan, K., & Karnowski, J. (2022). The Role of Crypto Trading in the Economy, Renewable Energy Consumption and Ecological Degradation. Energies, 15(10), 3805. https://doi.org/10.3390/en15103805

Müller, F. (2022). Chinas Wirtschaft gerät in Not, in: SZ. Retrieved 01.04.2022 from https://www.sueddeutsche.de/wirtschaft/china-wirtschaft-konsumflaute-immobilienkrise-handelskrieg-1.5675398?reduced=true

Richert, M. (2021). Ich sage nur China, China, China“ - Portfolio Concept. Retrieved 01.04.2022 from https://portfolio-concept.de/finanzkolumne-vermoegensverwaltung/ich-sage-nur-china-china-china

Osadcha, T., Melnychenko, O., & Spodin, S. (2021). Money circulation inconditions of energy fever. European Cooperation, 3(51), 7-33. https://doi.org/10.32070/ec.v3i51.117

Osadcha, T., & Melnychenko, O. (2021). Payment transactions’ energy efficiency. European Cooperation, 2(50), 18-39. https://doi.org/10.32070/ec.v2i50.114

Prokopenko, O., & Miśkiewicz, R. (2020). Perception of “green shipping” in the contemporary conditions. Entrepreneurship and Sustainability Issues, 8(2), 269–284. https://doi.org/10.9770/jesi.2020.8.2(16)

Saługa, P.W., Szczepańska-Woszczyna, K., Miśkiewicz, R., & Chład, M. (2020). Cost of equity of coal-fired power generation projects in Poland: Its importance for the management of decision-making process. Energies, 13(18), 4833. https://doi.org/10.3390/en13184833

Shkodina, I., Melnychenko, O., & Babenko, M. (2020). Quantitative easing policy and its impact on the global economy. . Financial And Credit Activity-problems Of Theory And Practice, 2, 513-521. https://doi.org/10.18371/fcaptp.v2i33.207223

Zedong, M. (2006). China unter Mao: 1949-1966. Retrieved 01.04.2022 from https://www.planet-wissen.de/geschichte/diktatoren/mao_zedong_gnadenloser_machtmensch/pwiechinauntermao100.html

Downloads

Published

2022-04-30

How to Cite

Lang, F. P., & Melnychenko, O. (2022). FOREIGN TRADE WITH CHINA: NO REASON FOR “GERMAN ANGST”. European Cooperation, 2(54), 7–27. https://doi.org/10.32070/ec.v2i54.140